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A Biographical and Periodical History of the Advance of Cooperative Individualism

GERMANY and GHANA




SCROLL DOWN FOR LISTINGS OF INDIVIDUALS, ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS




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Germany
Name Place(s) of Residence Comments
Bach,
E.
(Stuttgart)
  • 1984 - Attended International Union conference, Cambridge, England

Baeck,
Leo
...
  • 1930 - Article, World History,
    from the paper To-Morrow; Land & Liberty, September

Barteld,
A.
...
  • 1926 - Attended International Conference, Copenhagen

Barth,
Theodor
...
  • 1849 - Born, 16 July
  • 1883 - Appointed editor of Die Nation (until 1907)
  • 1896 - Visited the United States and traveled with William Jennings Bryan during Bryan's Presidential campaign
  • 1908 - Attended the Free Trade Conference in Lond
  • 1909 - Died, 2 June, age 60

Bodenreform ...
  • 1917 - Adolph Damashke, Editor; located at 32 Lessing Street, Berlin
  • 1936 - Article, Germany
    Land & Liberty, February, p.28

Bohnsack,
Gustav
Hanover
  • 1964 - Paper, "Germany's Building Land Tax,"
    presented at the International Union conference, New York, NY, August-September
  • 1973 - Paper, "Thoughts About Reform of Land Tenure in the Federal Republic of Germany,"
    presented at the International Union, Isle of Man, September

Buescher,
Gustav
Switzerland
(Zurich)


Burdorff,
Fred
...
Note: Mr. Burgdoff resided in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. He wrote regularly about events in Germany. As of mid-2020 I have not found any biographical information on him to learn whether he was born in Germany or what his connection was to Germany.



Buscher,
Gustav
...
  • 1905 - Review of the book:
    They Must,
    by Hermann Kutter; The Public, 27 January
  • 1910 - Review (unsigned) of the pamphlet:
    A Word to the Socialists,
    by Gustav Buscher; The Single Tax Review, January-February

Cassels,
William
...
  • 1899 - Article, "Land Reform in Germany,"
    National Single Taxer, July

Colbron,
Grace Isabel
Connecticut
(New Canaan)


Damaschke,
Adolf
Berlin
  • 1865 - Born
  • 1892 - Joined League of German Landreform (or 1896)
  • 1893 - Appointed Secretary of the Lebensreform journal The Natural Doctor
  • 1898 - Elected President, League of German Land-Reformers
  • 1903 - Review of the book:
    Land Reform
    by Adolf Damaschke; The Public, 24 January
  • 19-- - Book, Land Reform published. In this book he wrote:

    "The social question is lying at the root of life of every nation. The nation which does not find the answer will go to ruin. The nation which does find the answer will find the way opened to its highest fulfillment. The decline or ascent of Germany, too, will be decided by it. "
  • 1911 - Address, "What are the Social Duties of Our Upper Classes?"
    delivered at the annual meeting of the League of German Land Reformers; 4-7 June
  • 1912 - Assisted in preparation of a special issue of the Single Tax Review for Germany (1,000 copies distributed in Germany)
  • 1913 - Chapter VI ("Battles for Land Reform in Rome and their Lessons") from the book:
    Bodenreform
  • 1919 - Name put forward as a candidate for President of Germany (again in 1920)
  • 1920 - Book, Savings for Private Housing
    published
  • 1924-25 - Book, My Life
    published
  • 1926 - Serving as a special correspondent, Land and Freedom (thru 19xx)
  • 1931 - Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize
  • 1932 - Book, Land Reform and Agriculture
    published
  • 1935 - Book, A Struggle for Socialism and the Nation
    published
  • 1935 - Died

Danziger,
Joseph
...


Dean,
Ellen
...


Dobbert,
F.
...

  • 1891 - Translated Progress and Poverty into German

Dupuis,
Frank
...
  • Educated in Belgium and Germany, remained in Africa following the First World War
  • [See listing under "United Kingdom"]

Einstein,
Albert
...
  • 1939 - Letter to Anna George DeMille:
    Henry George,
    written from Princeton, New Jersey
  • 1949 - Article, Why Socialism,
    reprinted from the Monthly Review, May

Eulenstein,
Bernhard
(Berlin)
  • 188- - Corresponded with Leo Tolstoy regarding Henry George's works
  • 1891 - Began correspondence with Henry George; urged him to visit Germany
  • 1894 - Translated Henry George's book The Condition of Labor into German
  • 1894 - Informed Henry George that Tolstoy was reading Progress and Poverty to his peasants
  • 1894 - Letter, received from Leo Tolstoy,
    regarding Henry George as leader of the Land Reform Movement
  • 1894 - Letter (PDF format) received from Count Tolstoi, On Henry George,
    The Single Tax, July

Erman,
(Prof.)
Munster
  • 1917 - Active Single Tax supporter

Fischer,
Curt (Dr.)
(Wiesbaden)
  • 1949 - Attended International Union conference, Swanwick, England

Fischer,
Helga
...
  • 1949 - Attended International Union conference, Swanwick, England

Flurscheim,
Michael
...
  • 1844 - Born, Frankfurt
  • 188x - Book, Germany One Hundred Years Hence
  • 1884 - Book, Auf Friedlichen Wege, on the cause of economic depressions
  • 1888 - Founded League for Land Ownership Reform
  • 1888 - Sought out Henry George while in Birmingham, England:
    "Traveling a couple of weeks with the Henry George party, Flurscheim made several addresses; and, in his own self-estimate, he succeeded better than the American in replying to socialist hecklers." [Charles Albro Barker, Henry George, 1955, p.531]
  • 1889 - On Henry George:
    "He attributes commercial depressions to speculative land values. But raw materials, which is what land supplies to industry, are never cheaper than in times of commercial depression."
    New York Times, 21 July
  • 1889 - Participated in an international congress on the land question, Paris, July. Quote:
    "In Germany the land question is a far more complicated one than in England or America."
  • 1889 - Article, "Germany's Henry George: Herr Michael Flurscheim and his Land Theories,"
    New York Times, 21 July
  • 1890 - Paper, Land Question,
    presented at a symposium on the land question
  • On the Land Question,
    from the transcript of A Symposium on The Land Question, edited by J.H.Levy, 1890. The complete transcript is provided under the listing for J.H. Levy
  • 1890 - Comments offered at a symposium On The Land Question,
    responding to presentations by other participants
  • 1897 - Excerpt from the preface to The Real History of Money Island:
    "The distinctive feature of a 'crank' is that he never modifies his views. I own to having once belonged to that honorary fraternity. I don't us ethe adjective 'honorary' in any sarcastic sense, for I quite agree with Prince Bismark in preferring a man with one idea to the majority who have none at all. But this little book shows that I have left the cranks, for its gives the proof of my seriously transgressing the fundamental law of that fraternity -- the law of believing in their own infalliblilty."
  • 1898 - Visited Wellington, New Zealand and established the New Zealand Commercial Exchange Co. Ltd. Members agreed to carry out exchanges without the use of money, a barter system using exchange notes. Responding to adverse publicity of the project he moved to Ackland to open another exchange
  • 1898 - Pamphlet, Business Without Gold,
    published and journal, The Commercial Exchange Gazette, launched
  • 1905 - Left New Zealand; first staying in California, where he formed a company to assemble railway tracks across California toward Mexico. In 1910 he became ill and returned to Germany
  • 1912 - Died

FRAGEN DER FREIHEIT
(Questions of Freedom)
Coblenz
  • 1992 - Issue devoted to the land question, March/April

Freese,
Heinrich
...
  • 1888 - Elected President, League for Land Ownership Reform
  • 1896 - Became editor of daily paper in Kiel
  • 1898 - Elected President

Friedrich,
Karl
Baden

  • 1728 - Born, 22 November (Karlsruhe)
  • 1746 - Became ruler of Baden-Durlach and later Baden-Baden
  • 1772 - Tract, Abrege des principes d'Economie Politicque on Physiocratie;
    he also wrote essays on Francois Quesney; a biographical note indicates he appointed DuPont de Nemours as his finance minister for some period of time
  • 1783 - Outlawed serfdom in his kingdom
  • 1783 - Engaged the German physiocrat Schlettwein to introduce the Physiocratic impot unique in three villages. One historian reports that the experiment failed because of unfavorable conditions and was abandoned.
  • 1811 - Died, 10 June

GERMAN GEORGIST CONFERENCE ...
  • 1968 - Held in St. Gall, Switzerland, early September; 100 attendees anticipated per Robert Clancy (February)

GERMAN LAND REFORM UNION
(Berlin)
  • 1936 - Addressed a memorial to Reich Finance Minister Dr. Hjalmar Schacht:
    "urging that the land tax be converted into a land value tax not merely as a financial measure but above all because of its effect in providing employment and improving housing conditions." This memorial is referred to in an article by the late Dr. Adolf Damaschke in Bodenreform

Gesell,
Silvio
Berlin
  • Profession: Economist
  • 1862 - Born, 17 March, in Belgium of German parents
  • 1906 - Book, The National Economic Order
  • 1915 - Followers founded Free Land and Free Money League
  • 1930 - Died, 11 march

Gutschow,
C.D.F.
...
  • 1880 - Translated Progress and Poverty into German from the author's edition

Hall,
Robert
Munich

Hall,
Thomas
...

Heilig,
Bruno
Austria
  • See Austria for biographical details on Bruno Heilig

Heinrich,
Ernst
Berlin

  • 19-- - Participated in the University Land Reform Association in Berlin
  • 19-- - Teaching a course using Henry George's book Progress and Poverty, to the Worker Educational Association in Arnswalde
  • 1924 - Serving as President of the German Students' Union for Land Reform

Hirsch,
Max
...
  • SEE THE LISTING UNDER "Australia" FOR MORE BIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS AND WRITINGS
  • 1852 - Born, Cologne
  • 18-- - Graduated from Berlin University
  • 1890 - Began support of the Single Tax
  • 189- - Migrated to Australia
  • 1909 - Died, 4 March, in Vladivostock, Russia

Imhoff,
(Prof.)
Freiburg
  • 1890's - Active Single Tax advocate

Juliusburger,
Otto
...

  • 1867 - Born, Breslau
  • 1941 - Migrated to the United States and settled in New York City
  • 1952 - Died, 7 June (age 84) in New York City

Karutz,
Otto
...
  • 1926 - Attended International Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark

Kriese,
Ulrich (Dr.)
...
  • 2012 - Actively supporting campaign for adoption of land value taxation

Kruger,
Hans
...
  • 1926 - Attended International Conference, Copenhagen

Kruger,
Hans
...
  • 1912 - Article, "Land Reform in Eisenach",
    The Single Tax Review, March-April

LAND AND FREIHEIT ...
  • 1926 - Published in Hamburg; Alfred Schar, Editor

LAND AND FREEDOM New York
(New York)
  • ARTICLES FOCUSED ON GERMANY PROVIDED HERE
League of German Land Reformers (Dresden)

  • 1911 - Annual meeting held, 4-7 June; attendees from "all parts of Germany, North and South, East and West, but also from Austria, Russia, Australia and Canada."

Levy,
Afolf
...
  • 1938 - Article, "To Speak on Bodenreform," The Freeman, February:
    Adolf Levy, whose article, "Tax Nonsense in Germany," appeared in the January issue of The Freeman, will speak on the land reform mvoement in Germany before 1933 at the Henry George School of Social Science soon. The date is to be announced. Mr. Levy was an associate of Adolph Damaschke and the Boden-reformers.

Loehr (Lohr),
Dirk
...
  • 2012 - Actively suporting the campaign for the adoption of land value taxation
  • 2015 - Visited Sichuan University in China, July; applied for funding for a project on proeprty taxation from the national government
  • 2019 - Report on Advocacy of Land Value Taxation in Germany made at the meeting of the IU Executive Committee, February

Mandel,
Emanuel
...

Marfels,
Carl
(Heidelberg)
  • 1918 - Book, Philosophic and Economic Talks,
    a compilation of earlier pamphlets
  • 1927 - Visited the United States in the Fall; met with prominent Single Taxers
  • 1927 -Pamphlet, The True Cause of Unemployment and the Business Cycle
    written; publication information not available
  • 1928 - Arranged for translations of Will Atkinson's Outlines of Progress and Poverty into German and Spanish
  • 1929 - Died, 11 October, in Berlin (age 75)

Marx,
Karl
...
  • 1881 - Letter to Friedrich A. Sorge, Regarding Henry George,
    30 June. Quote:
    "Theoretically the man is utterly backward. He understands nothing about the nature of surplus value. ...The whole thing is threrefore simply an attempt, decked out with socialism, to save capitalist domination and indeed to establish it afresh or even under basis than its present one."
    ... Reprinted from Charles Albra Barker, Henry George, 1955, p.356
  • 1891 - Letter from Karl Marx to "a friend in New York":
    On Henry George,
    printed in Neue Zeit, 1892
  • 1934 - Article taken from The Property in the Soil, Property in Land,
    unpublished material housed in the Marx-Lenin Institute

Misera,
Joe
Muenster
  • Member, IU
  • 1982 - Attended International Union conference, Utrecht, Holland
  • 1986 - Died

Morton,
George
Stuttgart
  • 19-- - Moved to Stuggart, where he lived for 12 years

Nuschke,
Otto
...
  • 1883 - Born
  • 1929 - Serving as Deputy Prime Minister (DDP - German Democratic Party)
  • 1929 - Elected Vice President, International Union
  • 1945 - Re-emerged as one of the leaders of the SPD (Social Democrats), calling for land reform
  • 1951 - Letter, from the State Assocation to Nuschke (2 April) regarding the return of property confiscated from democratic organizations by the Nazi regime and was now in East Germany
  • 1957 - Died

Oppenheimer,
Franz
California
(Los Angeles)

  • 1864 - Born, 30 March, Berlin
  • 1885 - Completes medical studies
  • 1890 - Begins career as journalist, as editor of welt am Montag
  • 1909 - Serving as Professor of Economics, University of Berlin
  • 1914 - Review by Stanley Bowmar of the book:
    The State, by Franz Oppenheimer
    The Public, 22 May
  • 1917 - Book, Land Tenure in Palestine
    co-authored by Jacob Oettinger, published by the Jewish National Fund (full text provided)
  • 1919 - Appointed Professor of Sociology and Theoretical National Economics, Frankfort
  • 1922 - Book, The State
    published (full text provided)
  • 19-- - Book, System of Sociology, published
  • 1936 - Book, The Land Reform, translated into English
  • 1938 - Emigrates to U.S. (Los Angeles)
  • 1941 - Co-founder of American Journal of Economics and Sociology
  • 1942 - Article, "Lebenstraum in Germany,"
    The Freeman, June
  • 1943 - Died, 30 September
  • 1948 - Article, The Gospel of Freedom
    American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol.7, No.3, April, pp. 353-367

Paletta,
Alexander (Dr.)
...
  • 1923 - Paper, "The Taxation of Land Values in Germany,"
    delivered at the International Conference to Promote Land Value Taxation and Free Trade; Oxford, England
  • 1926 - Attended International Conference, Copenhagen
  • 1929 - Elected to the Executive Committee, International Union

Pfannschmidt, Martin (Dr.) ...
  • 1952 - Attended International Union conference, Odense, Denmark
  • 1954 - Book, Die Bodenrente in Raumwirtschaft Und Raumpolitik
    (Land Rent in "space economics"and "space politics"), published
  • 1954 - Review by Bennett Challis of the book:
    Die Bodenrente in Raumwirtschaft Und Raumpolitik; Henry George News, July
  • 1957 - Paper, "Will West Germany Introduce Land-Value Taxation,"
    presented at the IU conference
  • 1959 - Attended International Union conference, Hanover, West Germany

Pohlman,
A.
...

Richard,
Heinrich
Bonn

Rumely,
Edward
Baden
(Freiberg)


Schar,
Alfred
(Hamburg)
  • 19-- - Joined the Bodenreform Bund (The Land Reform Union)
  • 1926 - Attended International Conference, Copenhagen
  • 1926- Paper, "The Distribution of Landed Property in Germany,"
    presented at the International Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 1936 - Attended International Union conference, London
  • 1936 - Elected a Vice President of the International Union
  • 1937 - Died

Schar,
F. (Dr.)
...

Scheld,
Max
Berlin
  • 1886 - Wrote to Henry George to inform him of founding of Land Liga

Schmidt,
Kurt (Dr.)
...


Schmidt,
Rudolph
...
  • 1947 - Member, Bund fur Land und Freiheit
  • 1949 - Paper, Starting Anew in Germany,
    presented at International conference on Land Value Taxation and Free Trade, Swanwick, England
  • 1952 - Attended International Union conference, Odense, Denmark

Schmied,
Emil
...

Schmoller,
Gustav
...
  • Leader of Germany's historical economists
  • 1881 - Criticized Henry George's Progress and Poverty in Schmoller's Jahrbuch:
    "Schmoller ... acknowledged in George a writer of large heart and sharp vision who had penetrated the American situation ... and ... had woven new woof across the old warp of classical economics." [Reprinted from Charles Albra Barker, Henry George, 1955, p.334]

Schoder,
Herbert
...
  • 1981 - Issued a Diploma as Honorary Professor of the Albert Einstein Institute of Zurich, Switzerland

Schrameier,
Ludwig Wilhelm (Dr.)
(Berlin)
  • 1859 - Born, 2 October, Essen
  • 18-- - Received doctorate in theology
  • 18-- - Served in China for 25 years and was given charge of the fiscal affairs of the colony of Kiauchau
  • 1910 - Returned to Germany
  • 1911 - Article,
    On Germany, The Single Tax Review
  • 1917 - Contributed chapter on the "Single Tax in Kiauchan" for the Single Tax Five Year Book
  • 1926 - Died (in China)

Schwartz (or Schwarz),
Arnold (Dr.)
...
  • 1926 - Attended International Conference, Copenhagen
  • 1936 - Visited offices of Land and Freedom. Joseph Dana Miller wrote:
    "He says there is no ban on the teaching of our philosophy in Germany. Writers and speakers must refrain however from saying anything against the government. On other topics they are free to speak."
  • 1949 - Attended International Union conference, Swanwick, England

Schwerin,
_____ von
...
  • 1911 - Remarks on the Physiocrats, Henry George and the Single Tax delivered at the annual meeting of the League of German Land Reformers, held in Dresden, 4-7 June

Seminar Fuer Freiheitliche Ordnung

(Society for a Liberal Social Order)
...
  • 1997 - Founded

Silagi,
Michael
...

Silberwitz,
Joseph
...

Sitte,
Siegfried
...
  • 1890s - Joined League of German Landreform

Ternyik,
Stephen I.
(Pullach)
  • 2005 - Member, Council of Georgist Organizations

Thuenen,
Heinrich von
...
  • 1890s - Joined League of German Landreform

Tolenske,
Karl
...

von Schwerin,
A. (Dr.)
...

Wagner,
Adolph
Berlin
  • 1835 - Born, 3 March, Erlangen
  • 1858 - Appointed Instructor of Political Economy, Vienna; he became a strong proponent of the welfare state
  • 1870 - Appointed professor of political economy, University of Berlin
  • 1881 - Reviewed Henry George's Progress and Poverty

Wernicke,
Waldo I.
...
  • 1927 - Described by Dr. Ramon P. deNegri (Mexican consul to Germany) as "a Henry George man"

Wittesstein,
August
...

Zincke,
Erich
Hanover
  • 1957 - Article, "A Remembrance of Arthur Madsen,"
    Land and Liberty
  • 1959 - Attend IU conference, Hanover, West Germany
  • 1959 - Translated Progress and Poverty into German
  • 1960 - Paper, "German Economists and Political Economy,"
    presented at the Henry George Schools conference, Detroit, MI
  • 1960 - Address, "Germany's Land Problem,"
    Henry George School banquet, May; reprinted in the Henry George News, June
  • 1969 - Paper, [title not known],
    American Journal of Economics and Sociology, April
  • 1969 - Died, 14 August, age 80

Ghana
Name Place(s) of Residence Comments
Obeng-Odoom,
Franklin



...
  • 1981 - Born, in Cape Coast, Ghana
  • 199- - Completed his bachelor's degree in land economy in Ghana, then studied urban economic development in England and political economy in Australia
  • 2014 - Book, Oiling the urban economy: land, labour, capital, and the state in Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana, published by Routledge studies in international real estate
  • 2016 - Book, Reconstructing urban economics: towards a political economy of the built environment, published by Zed Books Ltd.
  • 2021 - Appointed a Docent in Sociology at the University of Turku
  • 2021 - Book, The Commons in an age of uncertainty: decolonizing nature, economy and society, published by the University of Toronto Press
  • 2022 - Book, Global migration beyond limits: ecology, economics, and political economy, published by Oxford University Press
  • 2024 - Serving as a Professor of Global Development Studies at the University of Helsinki, Finland
  • 2024 - Serving as the Vice President from Ghana and Finland on the Executive of the International Union for Land Value Taxation